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英语委婉语的分类和社会功能初探

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摘  要

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委婉语是人类语言中的一种普遍现象,其存在的历史十分悠久,委婉语的出现与语言禁忌是息息相关的,英语委婉语在交际中起着重要的作用,因此值得深入学习和研究。本文主要从英语委婉语的分类和社会功能来进行阐述。论文还试图依据英语委婉语的内容对其应用范围进行归类。英语委婉语涉及生活的方方面面,既有日常生活中的委婉语,又有教育和其他行业的委婉语。从其诞生之日起,英语委婉语就肩负着社会润滑剂这项重任。可以预见如果没有委婉语人际交往中将会增加许多摩擦和矛盾。英语委婉语具有多样化的功能。除了避讳,它还具有礼貌,求雅,掩饰等功能。 paper51.com

关键词:英语委婉语; 分类; 社会功能; 交际 paper51.com

Contents

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Statement of Authorship……………………………………………………….... ⅰ paper51.com

Acknowledgements………………………………………………………... ⅱ

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Abstract…………………………………………………………………….. ⅲ paper51.com

摘 要…………………………………………………………………………….. ……iv 内容来自论文无忧网 www.paper51.com

1.      Introduction………………………………………………….……………………1 http://www.paper51.com

2.     Literature review……..…………………………………………..………2 内容来自www.paper51.com

2.1 Definition of euphemism………………………………….………….2 http://www.paper51.com

   2.2 The research onclassification of English euphemisms…..…… ……..3

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   2.3 The research on socialfunctions of English euphemisms…………….4 http://www.paper51.com

   3. The classification of Englisheuphemisms…………………………………5

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3.1The traditionaleuphemisms..…………………………………………5

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3.1.1Death euphemisms………………………………...……………6

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3.1.2 Disease euphemisms………………………..………………….6

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3.1.3 Sex euphemisms…………………….………...………….…….6 内容来自论文无忧网 www.paper51.com

3.1.4 Excretion euphemisms…………….…………….…….……….6 http://www.paper51.com

3.2Stylistic euphemisms…………………………………………………..6 http://www.paper51.com

      3.2.1Euphemisms about job…………………………………………7

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3.2.2 Unemployment and poverty euphemisms…………..…….……7

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3.2.3 The old age and disability euphemisms…………………..……8 内容来自www.paper51.com

3.2.4 Criminaleuphemisms……………………….………..….…….8 copyright paper51.com

4. The social function ofEnglish euphemisms…….…………………...….…8 http://www.paper51.com

4.1 Evasivefunction…………………………...………………………….9 内容来自www.paper51.com

4.2 Politefunction………………………..……………………………….9 http://www.paper51.com

4.3 Elegance function……………………………………...…….……....10

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4.4 Disguisefunction……………………………………………….……11 paper51.com

5. Conclusion……………………………………………………………..…13

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References…………………………...……………...………………………15

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1.Introduction

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Euphemism derived from Greek. Euphemism is a cultural phenomenon as alinguistic concept. Every language has its own euphemism, so does English. Itis deeply rooted in social life and has a great influence on socialcommunication. As an indispensable and natural part of English language,English euphemisms have attracted people’s attention for a long time. It isgenerally divided into two categories, which are traditional euphemisms andstylistic euphemisms. Euphemism is a common linguistic phenomenon in globalculture. It plays an important part in our daily communication, as anindispensable and natural part of English language, English euphemisms havebeen arousing wide interest by linguists and scholars from differentperspectives. And the British writer George Blunt first used the word“euphemism” in the early 1580’s.Many linguists and scholars have studied euphemisms from different angles.English euphemisms, for a long time, have been discussed by Booth, Wagne .c, and Leech, in their respective fields ofresearch. Their studies have been mainly restricted in two areas: theclassification and social functions of English euphemisms.  

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As English learners, we should learn to use English euphemisms properlyand analyze the users’ intention and motivations. The study of Englisheuphemisms can help us better understand western culture and promoteinternational development because euphemism is wildly used in internationalnegotiation. Undoubtedly, lots of linguists and scholars have made a greatachievement about the origin, the meaning and the usage of English euphemisms.But they put less attention to the classification and social function ofEnglish euphemisms in their studies. In this essay, I’ll give an analysis anddiscussions on traditional euphemisms and stylistic euphemisms. Furthermore,I’m going to make my effort to do some research about the social functions ofEnglish euphemisms.

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